A birthstone is a precious metal assigned to a particular month so there are a total of twelve birthstones. Each precious metal or gemstone is associated with characteristics or qualities that describe the month. Others refer to birthstones as birthday stones or anniversary stones. Over time, the list of stones have been changed and been updated according to the times. But in 1912, the national association of jewelers in the US, Jewelers of America, has sought to standardize the list which is still being used today not just in the US but in other countries as well such as Australia and Asia.
Ruby for July
Ruby can come in light pink to a bright red shade in color. It comes from the Latin name for red, rubber.
Peridot for August
Peridot is known as the poor man's emerald. The name might have come from the Arabic faridat which means gem or the French peritot for unclear.
Sapphire for September
Sapphire stones come in a variety of colors such as pink, yellow, blue, green and orange due to the incorporation of various elements in this crystal. The name came from the Hebrew word sapir.
Opal for October
Opal colors range from colorless to milky blue, red, gray, green, yellow, brown and black. The name comes from the Sanskrit upala, Greek opallios and Latin opalus which means precious stone. This is also the national gemstone of Australia.
Yellow topaz for November
Typically, they come in yellow shades but other colors can also be mined. The name topaz is derived from topazos of Greek origin which means to seek.
Turquoise for December
This mineral usually comes in blue-to-green shades. The word is believed to come from the French pier turquin or Turkish Turquois for dark blue stone.
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